Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the causative agent of a fatal malignancy
known as adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). One way to address the pathology of the disease lies …

Cooperation among transcription factors is central for their ability to execute specific
transcriptional programmes. The AP1 complex exemplifies a network of transcription factors …

Human blood CD14+ monocytes are bone marrow–derived white blood cells that sense and
respond to pathogens. Although innate immune activation by RNA viruses preferentially …

Summary Hyperactivation of Ras-ERK1/2 signaling is critical to the development of many
human malignancies, but little is known regarding the specific contribution of ERK1 or ERK2 …

Noncoding transcription is a defining feature of active enhancers, linking transcription factor
(TF) binding to the molecular mechanisms controlling gene expression. To determine the …

KRAS mutated tumours represent a large fraction of human cancers, but the vast majority
remains refractory to current clinical therapies. Thus, a deeper understanding of the …

The pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) in tumor microenvironment has been
suggested to promote development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). However …

FOSL1 is frequently overexpressed in multiple types of human cancers including invasive
breast cancers and implicated in cancer invasion and metastasis. However, how FOSL1 is …

Immediate-early genes have important roles in processes such as brain development,
learning, and responses to drug abuse. Further, immediate-early genes play an essential …

Extravillous trophoblast invasion is a fundamental component of human placentation.
Invading trophoblast cells promote blood flow to the conceptus by actively remodeling the …