A diverse array of sex determination (SD) mechanisms, encompassing environmental to
genetic, have been found to exist among vertebrates, covering a spectrum from fixed SD …

The discovery of the Sry gene in 1990 triggered a revolution in our understanding of sex
determination. More recently, advances in non-model organisms have been fuelled by the …

Production of sperm and androgens is the main function of the testis. This depends on
normal development of both testicular somatic cells and germ cells. A genetic program …

Development of testes in the mammalian embryo requires the formation and assembly of
several cell types that allow these organs to achieve their roles in male reproduction and …

Ovarian cancers represent the deadliest among gynecologic malignancies and are
characterized by a hierarchical structure with cancer stem cells (CSCs) endowed with self …

Sex-specific gonadal development starts with formation of the bipotential gonad, which then
differentiates into either a mature testis or an ovary. This process is dependent on activation …

The reproductive endocrine systems are vastly different between males and females. This
sexual dimorphism of the endocrine milieu originates from sex-specific differentiation of the …

Formerly known as' intersex'conditions, disorders of sex development (DSDs) are congenital
conditions in which chromosomal, gonadal or anatomical sex is atypical. A complete …

The gonads form bilaterally as bipotential organs that can develop as testes or ovaries. All
secondary sex characteristics that we associate with 'maleness' or 'femaleness' depend on …

In mammals, sex determination defines the differentiation of the bipotential genital ridge into
either testes or ovaries. Sry, the mammalian Y-chromosomal testis-determining gene, is a …