Under physiological conditions, the number and function of microglia—the resident
macrophages of the CNS—is tightly controlled by the local microenvironment. In response to …

The consequences of cerebrovascular disease are among the leading health issues
worldwide. Large and small cerebral vessel disease can trigger stroke and contribute to the …

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibit cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and COX-
2 enzymes. The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multi-protein complex responsible for the …

Over 60% of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients achieve a good response after 12 months of
treatment when following the European league against rheumatism (EULAR) guidelines for …

Background Major depressive disorder is associated with raised peripheral inflammatory
markers. Mounting evidence also suggests that inflammation is involved in suicidal …

The incidence of obesity in middle age is increasing markedly, and in parallel the
prevalence of metabolic disorders including cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes is …

It is well accepted that CNS inflammation has a role in the progression of chronic
neurodegenerative disease, although the mechanisms through which this occurs are still …

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) can lead to devastating outcomes including
vasospasm, cognitive decline, and even death. Currently, treatment options are limited for …

BACKGROUND: Patients with bipolar disorder are known to be at high risk of premature
death. Comorbid cardio-vascular diseases are a leading cause of excess mortality, well …

Free radicals are generated in the brain, as well as in other organs, and their production is
proportional to the brain activity. Due to its low antioxidant capacity, the brain is particularly …