Stealing attack against controlled information, along with the increasing number of
information leakage incidents, has become an emerging cyber security threat in recent …

Abstract Introduction: The increasingly integrated Industrial IoT (IIoT) with industrial systems
brings benefits such as intelligent analytics, predictive maintenance, and remote monitoring …

A large proportion of dryland trees and shrubs (hereafter referred to collectively as trees)
grow in isolation, without canopy closure. These non-forest trees have a crucial role in …

In recent years, attacks against various Internet-of-Things systems, networks, servers,
devices, and applications witnessed a sharp increase, especially with the presence of 35.82 …

While trawling online/offline password guessing has been intensively studied, only a few
studies have examined targeted online guessing, where an attacker guesses a specific …

State-of-the-art password guessing tools, such as HashCat and John the Ripper, enable
users to check billions of passwords per second against password hashes. In addition to …

Despite three decades of intensive research efforts, it remains an open question as to what
is the underlying distribution of user-generated passwords. In this paper, we make a …

Today's Internet services rely heavily on text-based passwords for user authentication. The
pervasiveness of these services coupled with the difficulty of remembering large numbers of …

Human-chosen text passwords, today's dominant form of authentication, are vulnerable to
guessing attacks. Unfortunately, existing approaches for evaluating password strength by …

Although probabilistic programming is widely used for some restricted classes of statistical
models, existing systems lack the flexibility and efficiency needed for practical use with more …