Neurobehavioral meaning of pupil size
Pupil size is a widely used metric of brain state. It is one of the few signals originating from
the brain that can be readily monitored with low-cost devices in basic science, clinical, and …
the brain that can be readily monitored with low-cost devices in basic science, clinical, and …
Anything but small: Microarousals stand at the crossroad between noradrenaline signaling and key sleep functions
A Lüthi, M Nedergaard - Neuron, 2025 - cell.com
Continuous sleep restores the brain and body, whereas fragmented sleep harms cognition
and health. Microarousals (MAs), brief (3-to 15-s-long) wake intrusions into sleep, are …
and health. Microarousals (MAs), brief (3-to 15-s-long) wake intrusions into sleep, are …
Infraslow noradrenergic locus coeruleus activity fluctuations are gatekeepers of the NREM–REM sleep cycle
A Osorio-Forero, G Foustoukos, R Cardis… - Nature …, 2024 - nature.com
The noradrenergic locus coeruleus (LC) regulates arousal levels during wakefulness, but its
role in sleep remains unclear. Here, we show in mice that fluctuating LC neuronal activity …
role in sleep remains unclear. Here, we show in mice that fluctuating LC neuronal activity …
Norepinephrine-mediated slow vasomotion drives glymphatic clearance during sleep
NL Hauglund, M Andersen, K Tokarska, T Radovanovic… - Cell, 2025 - cell.com
As the brain transitions from wakefulness to sleep, processing of external information
diminishes while restorative processes, such as glymphatic removal of waste products, are …
diminishes while restorative processes, such as glymphatic removal of waste products, are …
Touchless short-wave infrared imaging for dynamic rapid pupillometry and gaze estimation in closed eyes
Background Assessments of gaze direction (eye movements), pupil size, and the pupillary
light reflex (PLR) are critical for neurological examination and neuroscience research and …
light reflex (PLR) are critical for neurological examination and neuroscience research and …
Fractal cycles of sleep, a new aperiodic activity-based definition of sleep cycles
Sleep cycles are defined as episodes of non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep followed
by an episode of REM sleep. Fractal or aperiodic neural activity is a well-established marker …
by an episode of REM sleep. Fractal or aperiodic neural activity is a well-established marker …
Sleep and cardiac autonomic modulation in older adults: Insights from an at‐home study with auditory deep sleep stimulation
The autonomic nervous system regulates cardiovascular activity during sleep, likely
impacting cardiovascular health. Aging, a primary cardiovascular risk factor, is associated …
impacting cardiovascular health. Aging, a primary cardiovascular risk factor, is associated …
Pupil self-regulation modulates markers of cortical excitability and cortical arousal
ML Weijs, S Missura, W Potok-SzybiĹ „ska… - bioRxiv, 2024 - biorxiv.org
The brain's arousal state (ie, central arousal) is regulated by multiple neuromodulatory
nuclei in the brainstem and significantly influences high-level cognitive processes. By …
nuclei in the brainstem and significantly influences high-level cognitive processes. By …
Noradrenergic locus coeruleus activity functionally partitions NREM sleep to gatekeep the NREM-REM sleep cycle
The noradrenergic locus coeruleus (LC) supports vital brain functions during wakefulness. In
contrast, the LC has been associated with sleep-promotion and-disruption, leaving its …
contrast, the LC has been associated with sleep-promotion and-disruption, leaving its …