The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family is composed of 18 secreted signaling proteins
consisting of canonical FGFs and endocrine FGFs that activate four receptor tyrosine …

Advances in DNA sequencing and other technologies have greatly facilitated the
identification of genetic risk factors for inherited diseases in dogs. We review recent …

Gene retrocopies arise from the reverse transcription and insertion into the genome of
processed mRNA transcripts. Although many retrocopies have acquired mutations that …

Background Osteosarcoma is an aggressive and painful bone neoplasm in dogs. Previous
studies have reported epidemiological associations suggesting that large body mass, long …

Two FGF4 retrogenes (FGF4L1 on chromosome 18 and FGF4L2 on chromosome 12) have
been identified to cause dwarfism across many dog breeds. Some breeds are nearly …

Since the discovery of the first transposon by Dr. Barbara McClintock, the prevalence and
diversity of transposable elements (TEs) have been gradually recognized. As fundamental …

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of the chondrodystrophy-associated FGF4L2 retrogene
on intervertebral disc (IVD) calcification and vertebral geometry. ANIMALS 22 Nova Scotia …

Recent years have seen a dramatic increase in the number of canine genome assemblies
available. Duplications are an important source of evolutionary novelty and are also prone to …

Background Fibrocartilaginous embolic myelopathy (FCE) is a well‐documented condition
in dogs although rarely reported in chondrodystrophic breeds. Genetic associations have …

Pigment production and distribution is controlled through multiple genes, resulting in a wide
range of coat color phenotypes in dogs. Dogs that produce only the pheomelanin pigment …