With the constant threat of emergence of a novel influenza virus pandemic, there must be
continued evaluation of the molecular mechanisms that contribute to virulence. Although the …

The interaction between respiratory pathogens and their hosts is complex and incompletely
understood. This is particularly true when pathogens encounter the mucus layer covering …

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses have spread at an unprecedented scale,
leading to mass mortalities in birds and mammals. In 2023, a transatlantic incursion of HPAI …

Novel influenza viruses of the H7N9 subtype have infected 33 and killed nine people in
China as of 10 April 2013. Their haemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase genes probably …

Various boron-containing drugs have been approved for clinical use over the past two
decades, and more are currently in clinical trials. The increasing interest in boron-containing …

Influenza A viruses (IAVs) occasionally cross the species barrier and adapt to novel host
species. This requires readjustment of the functional balance of the sialic acid receptor …

Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) circulate globally, spilling over into domestic poultry and
causing zoonotic infections in humans. Fortunately, AIVs are not yet capable of causing …

The emergence of the H7N9 influenza virus in humans in Eastern China has raised
concerns that a new influenza pandemic could occur. Here, we used a ferret model to …

A wide range of influenza A viruses of pigs and birds have infected humans in the last
decade, sometimes with severe clinical consequences. Each of these so-called zoonotic …

The 1918 Spanish influenza pandemic was one of the deadliest infectious disease events in
recorded history, resulting in approximately 50–100 million deaths worldwide. The origins of …