Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), including those with end-stage renal disease,
treated with dialysis, or renal transplant recipients have an increased risk for cardiovascular …

The kidney is a highly metabolic organ and uses high levels of ATP to maintain electrolyte
and acid-base homeostasis and reabsorb nutrients. Energy depletion is a critical factor in …

Excess fatty acids accompanied by triglyceride accumulation in parenchymal cells of
multiple tissues including skeletal and cardiac myocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic beta …

When the'lipid nephrotoxicity hypothesis' was proposed in 1982, it brought together several
disparate experimental findings in hyperlipidemia and renal disease to suggest that …

Renal proximal tubular cells are the most energy-demanding cells in the body. The ATP that
they use is mostly produced in their mitochondrial and peroxisomal compartments, by the …

Fluoride, a naturally occurring element, exists in combination with other elements as a
fluoride compound, and is found naturally in water, foods, soil, and several minerals such as …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) occurs in all age groups, including children. Regardless of
the underlying cause, CKD is characterized by progressive scarring that ultimately affects all …

Overcome the toughest clinical challenges in nephrology with the new 9th edition of
Brenner/Rector's The Kidney! A brand-new editorial team of Drs. Maarten W. Taal, Glenn M …

The longstanding focus in chronic kidney disease (CKD) research has been on the
glomerulus, which is sensible because this is where glomerular filtration occurs, and a large …

This article reviews the relationship between dyslipidemia, chronic kidney disease, and
cardiovascular diseases in patients with diabetes. Diabetes mellitus is associated with …