Neural tube closure has been studied for many decades, across a range of vertebrates, as a
paradigm of embryonic morphogenesis. Neurulation is of particular interest in view of the …

Heparan sulfate proteoglycans are found at the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix,
where they interact with a plethora of ligands. Over the last decade, new insights have …

The establishment of planar cell polarity (PCP) in epithelial and mesenchymal cells is a
critical, evolutionarily conserved process during development and organogenesis. Analyses …

Cells within developing tissues rely on morphogens to assess positional information.
Passive diffusion is the most parsimonious transport model for long-range morphogen …

Wnt proteins comprise a major family of signaling molecules that orchestrate and influence a
myriad of cell biological and developmental processes. Although our understanding of the …

We show that high doses of salicylates reverse hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and
dyslipidemia in obese rodents by sensitizing insulin signaling. Activation or overexpression …

▪ Abstract Virtually every cell type in metazoan organisms produces heparan sulfate. These
complex polysaccharides provide docking sites for numerous protein ligands and receptors …

More is becoming known about so-called noncanonical Wnt pathways that signal
independently of β-catenin. Here we review recent developments in both the functions and …

Wnt signaling is a complex pathway in which β-catenin is typically viewed as a central
mediator. However, within the past 15 years, at least three Wnt-mediated pathways have …

Wnt signaling via the Frizzled (Fz) receptor controls cell polarity and movement during
development, but the molecular nature of Wnt/Fz polarity signal transduction remains poorly …