Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) is used with carbon-fiber microelectrodes for the real-
time detection of neurotransmitters on the subsecond time scale. With FSCV, the potential is …

Smart systems are those that display autonomous or collaborative functionalities, and
include the ability to sense multiple inputs, to respond with appropriate operations, and to …

Electrochemical biosensors provide powerful tools for dissecting the dynamically changing
neurochemical signals in the living brain, which contribute to the insight into the …

Carbon nanomaterials are advantageous for electrochemical sensors because they
increase the electroactive surface area, enhance electron transfer, and promote adsorption …

Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) at carbon-fiber microelectrodes (CFMEs) is a versatile
electrochemical technique to probe neurochemical dynamics in vivo. Progress in FSCV …

In recent years, the carbon-based fibers (CBFs) including carbon fibers, carbon nanotube
fibers and graphene fibers have received extensive attention due to excellent thermal …

Dopamine (DA) is a monoamine neurotransmitter responsible for regulating a variety of vital
life functions. In vivo detection of DA poses a challenge due to the low concentration and …

Chemical signaling through the release of neurotransmitters into the extracellular space is
the primary means of communication between neurons. More than four decades ago, Ralph …

Neural electrodes are primary functional elements of neuroelectronic devices designed to
record neural activity based on electrochemical signals. These electrodes may also be …

Carbon is a popular electrode material for neurotransmitter detection due to its good
electrochemical properties, high biocompatibility, and inert chemistry. Traditional carbon …