Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the recent progress, concerning the mechanism
of cap synthesis, by fungal and mammalian enzymes. Viral capping enzymes are discussed …

The joining of interruptions in the phosphodiester backbone of duplex DNA is critical for
maintaining genomic integrity. DNA strand-breaks are produced as a consequence of …

Abstract Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) represents a major health concern as it is
responsible for a significant number of hepatitis cases worldwide. Much research has …

Using a number of diverse protein families as test cases, we investigate the ability of the
recently developed iterative sequence database search method, PSI-BLAST, to identify …

The S1 domain, originally identified in ribosomal protein S1, is found in a large number of
RNA-associated proteins. The structure of the S1 RNA-binding domain from the E. coli …

Inherited mutations in BRCA1 predispose to breast and ovarian cancer, but the biological
function of the BRCA1 protein has remained largely elusive. The recent correspondence of …

The end-joining reaction catalysed by DNA ligases is required by all organisms and serves
as the ultimate step of DNA replication, repair and recombination processes. One of three …

The major mechanism for the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in mammalian
cells is non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ), a process that involves the DNA-dependent …

Microbes drive myriad ecosystem processes, and their viruses modulate microbial-driven
processes through mortality, horizontal gene transfer, and metabolic reprogramming by viral …

Base flipping is the phenomenon whereby a base in normal B-DNA is swung completely out
of the helix into an extrahelical position. It was discovered in 1994 when the first co-crystal …