Since antiquity, the survival of human civilization has always been threatened by the
microbial infections. An alarming surge in the resistant microbial strains against the …

Membrane biofouling is a major hindrance limiting the efficiency of spiral wound membrane
(SWM) module for water treatment. Feed spacer is an imperative component of SWM …

Pre-ozonation coupled with ceramic membrane filtration has been widely used to alleviate
membrane fouling. However, information on the efficiency and underlying mechanism of pre …

Swarming bacteria can organize themselves into different local communities, ranging from
active cell rafts to reticular biofilms. How millions of motile and immotile cells are dynamically …

The filtration membranes utilized in advanced treatment of municipal wastewater are prone
to biological fouling. Permeability loss and water recovery limitations due to fouling …

Biofouling is a specific lifestyle including both marine prokaryotic and eukaryotic
communities. Hydrodynamics are poorly studied parameters affecting biofouling formation …

This study presents a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to
characterize the effect of mesh feed spacer's geometry on the performance of cross-flow …

The operation of membrane-based reactors is inevitably challenged by fouling. The driving
force in these reactors is not only critical for water passage through membranes but also …

Membrane fouling is considered a persistent challenge in membrane technology for water
and wastewater treatment. Membrane surface patterning is a chemical-free means of …

Circumstantial evidence has suggested that jellyfish swarms impair the operation of
seawater reverse osmosis desalination facilities. However, only limited information is …