The nervous system—in particular, the brain and its cognitive abilities—is among humans'
most distinctive and impressive attributes. How the nervous system has changed in the …

The evolution of neurocranial morphology in Homo sapiens is characterized by bulging of
the parietal region, a feature unique to our species. In modern humans, expansion of the …

Brain lateralization is commonly interpreted as crucial for human brain function and
cognition. However, as comparative studies among primates are rare, it is not known which …

Cranial endocasts, or the internal molds of the braincase, are a crucial correlate for
investigating the neuroanatomy of extinct vertebrates and tracking brain evolution through …

Evolutionary neuroanatomy must integrate two different sources of information, namely from
fossil and from living species. Fossils supply information concerning the process of …

In the evolutionary radiation of the human genus, we have observed changes in both brain
size and proportions. Some of these morphological differences are thought to be associated …

Endocasts (ie, replicas of the inner surface of the bony braincase) constitute a critical proxy
for qualifying and quantifying variations in brain shape and organization in extinct taxa. In …

Abstract In 1987, Phillip Tobias published a comprehensive anatomical analysis of the
endocasts attributed to Homo habilis, discussing issues dealing with brain size, sulcal …

The modern human brain and braincase have a characteristic globular shape including
parietal and cerebellar bulging. In contrast, Neanderthals, although having similar …

Brain anatomy provides key evidence for the relationships between ray-finned fishes, but
two major limitations obscure our understanding of neuroanatomical evolution in this major …