Immunotherapy of COVID-19: inside and beyond IL-6 signalling

G Zizzo, A Tamburello, L Castelnovo, A Laria… - Frontiers in …, 2022 - frontiersin.org
Acting on the cytokine cascade is key to preventing disease progression and death in
hospitalised patients with COVID-19. Among anti-cytokine therapies, interleukin (IL)-6 …

The implications of zinc therapy in combating the COVID-19 global pandemic

N Samad, TE Sodunke, AR Abubakar… - Journal of …, 2021 - Taylor & Francis
The global pandemic from COVID-19 infection has generated significant public health
concerns, both health-wise and economically. There is no specific pharmacological antiviral …

IFN-γ and TNF-α drive a CXCL10+ CCL2+ macrophage phenotype expanded in severe COVID-19 lungs and inflammatory diseases with tissue inflammation

F Zhang, JR Mears, L Shakib, JI Beynor, S Shanaj… - Genome Medicine, 2021 - Springer
Background Immunosuppressive and anti-cytokine treatment may have a protective effect for
patients with COVID-19. Understanding the immune cell states shared between COVID-19 …

Tozorakimab (MEDI3506): an anti-IL-33 antibody that inhibits IL-33 signalling via ST2 and RAGE/EGFR to reduce inflammation and epithelial dysfunction

E England, DG Rees, IC Scott, S Carmen, DTY Chan… - Scientific Reports, 2023 - nature.com
Abstract Interleukin (IL)-33 is a broad-acting alarmin cytokine that can drive inflammatory
responses following tissue damage or infection and is a promising target for treatment of …

The role of IL-1 family of cytokines and receptors in pathogenesis of COVID-19

S Makaremi, A Asgarzadeh, H Kianfar… - Inflammation …, 2022 - Springer
A global pandemic has erupted as a result of the new brand coronavirus, severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This pandemic has been consociated …

COVID-19 and cytokine storm syndrome: are there lessons from macrophage activation syndrome?

MJ Ombrello, GS Schulert - Translational Research, 2021 - Elsevier
Although interest in “cytokine storms” has surged over the past decade, it was massively
amplified in 2020 when it was suggested that a subset of patients with COVID-19 developed …

Eosinophils as potential biomarkers in respiratory viral infections

I Macchia, V La Sorsa, F Urbani, S Moretti… - Frontiers in …, 2023 - frontiersin.org
Eosinophils are bone marrow-derived granulocytes that, under homeostatic conditions,
account for as much as 1-3% of peripheral blood leukocytes. During inflammation …

The difference of the inflammatory milieu in MIS-C and severe COVID-19

SL Gurlevik, Y Ozsurekci, E Sağ, P Derin Oygar… - Pediatric …, 2022 - nature.com
Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) may have a severe course in
children. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is the post-COVID …

Liquid biomarkers of macrophage dysregulation and circulating spike protein illustrate the biological heterogeneity in patients with post‐acute sequelae of COVID‐19

C Schultheiß, E Willscher, L Paschold… - Journal of Medical …, 2023 - Wiley Online Library
Post‐acute sequelae of COVID‐19 (PASC) are long‐term consequences of SARS‐CoV‐2
infection that can substantially impair the quality of life. Underlying mechanisms ranging …

IL 33 correlates with COVID-19 severity, radiographic and clinical finding

SS Markovic, M Jovanovic, N Gajovic… - Frontiers in …, 2021 - frontiersin.org
Objective: The increased level of interleukin (IL)-33 is considered as a predictor of severe
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, but its role at different stages of the disease …