Applications of the Internet of Things (IoT) are rapidly utilized in smart buildings and smart
cities to reduce energy consumption. This advancement has caused a knowledge gap in …

The distributed energy system (DES) architecture is subject to confusion about renewable
energy limits, primary energy supply and energy carriers' costs. For the grid to use unreliable …

The use of solar thermal systems (STSs) has recently reached a significant edge. The
increasing research on developing an alternative power supply for limiting fossil fuel usage …

This dissertation aims to reuse the cold water which will initially present inside the water
heater and reduce its wastage by sending it back to the water tank. The water heater …

Recent technological advances and developments have evolved the application of the
Internet of Things (IoT), low-cost sensors, and three-dimensional (3D) printing for near-real …

Solar farming has been experiencing explosive development in recent years. However,
developing solar farming in urban areas is challenged by the heterogeneous distribution of …

Agricultural non-point source pollution (AGNPS) is considered a key problem affecting
global water quality. The main causes of AGNPS are the loss of N, P, and other pollutants in …

Flat plate solar collectors waste a massive part of the heat accumulated near the contact
region, mainly due to poor thermal characteristics of working fluid. The demanding power for …

Time-zoned heating combined with solar heating system can improve building energy
conservation, but the combined system design method is significantly different from …

Solar energy is best suited substitute energy source owing to its cost-effectiveness and eco-
friendly nature. But, the irregular nature of solar energy limits its usage and efficacy in …