Water is essential for metabolism, substrate transport across membranes, cellular
homeostasis, temperature regulation, and circulatory function. Although nutritional and …

This article provides a comprehensive review of dehydration assessment and presents a
unique evaluation of the dehydration and performance literature. The importance of …

Both acute and chronic dehydration can have important implications for human behaviour
and health. Young children, non-autonomous individuals and the elderly are at a greater risk …

A common practice in sports science is to assess hydration status using the concentration of
a single spot urine collection taken at any time of day for comparison against concentration …

Maintenance of hydration status requires a tight balance between fluid input and output. An
increase in water loss or a decrease in fluid intake is responsible for dehydration status …

Purpose Inter-individual variation in median plasma copeptin is associated with incident
type 2 diabetes mellitus, progression of chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular events …

Even small alterations in serum sodium are associated with poor outcomes. 1, 2 With aging
there is a marked reduction in body water from 70% of weight in infants to 50% in older …

Adequate fluid intake can be dually defined as a volume of fluid (from water, beverages, and
food) sufficient to replace water losses and provide for solute excretion. A wide range of fluid …

Background & aims Dehydration of as little 2% of total body weight may impair physical and
cognitive performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of …

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of acute kidney injury (AKI) in 100-
km ultramarathon runners. Design: Prospective observational study. Setting: The 2011 …