Guillaume stunned the scientific community in 1897 by reporting a very low CTE in Fe36Ni
alloy, which also named invar 36. The anomalous CTE feature makes invar 36 an …

Main modeling challenges for vacuum arc remelting (VAR) are briefly highlighted
concerning various involving phenomena during the process such as formation and …

The supersonic ion jet generated in vacuum arc plasma has numerous applications, but the
ion acceleration mechanism is incompletely understood. In this paper, a one-dimensional …

Kinetic numerical simulation of plasma near the cathode spot (CS) was performed. Two
types of possible solutions for the self-sustained CS on copper cathode were found. The first …

In the present study, we investigate arc plasma expansion in an industrial vacuum arc
remelting (VAR) process using experimental and numerical tools. Stainless steel is the alloy …

The paper presents the results of a 1D1V theoretical study of the initial stage of plasma
expansion into a planar vacuum gap 1 cm long with an applied voltage of 500–5000 V …

In this paper, a transient magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model of an anode melting pool
(AMP) flow (AMPF) is established. Mass equation, momentum equations along axial, radial …

Metal vapor vacuum arcs (VAs) are widely used in various fields of industry, such as circuit
breakers, ion sources, electrical thrusters, and deposition systems. VAs usually originate …

In this paper, a three-dimensional (3d) magneto-hydro-dynamic (MHD) model of axial
magnetic field vacuum arcs (AMFVAs) is established. Based on this model, AMFVAs are …

Measurements of ion speed in the plume of a pulsed high-current vacuum arc thruster were
performed by means of electrostatic probes. The probes were designed to provide direct …