Shiga toxins (Stx) of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are generally encoded
in the genome of lambdoid bacteriophages, which spend the most time of their life cycle …

Essential genes encode the processes that are necessary for life. Until recently, commonly
applied binary classifications left no space between essential and non-essential genes. In …

For decades, bacteriophage purification has followed structured protocols focused on
generating high concentrations of phage in manageable volumes. As research moves …

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) may cause bloody diarrhea and hemorrhagic
colitis (HC), with subsequent systemic disease. Since genes coding for Shiga toxins (stx …

Production of Shiga toxins by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) which is
responsible for the pathogenicity of these strains, is strictly correlated with induction of …

Background Compounds of natural origin are potent source of drugs with unique
mechanisms of action. Among phytochemicals, trans-cinnamaldehyde (t-CA) exhibits a wide …

Bacteriophage λ, rediscovered in the early 1950s, has served as a model in molecular
biology studies for decades. Although currently more complex organisms and more …

Virulence of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) strains depends on production of
Shiga toxins. These toxins are encoded in genomes of lambdoid bacteriophages (Shiga …

Bacteriophages rely on their hosts for replication, and many host genes critically determine
either viral progeny production or host success via phage resistance. A random insertion …

Background The genome of serotype M28 group A Streptococcus (GAS) strain MGAS6180
contains a novel genetic element named Region of Difference 2 (RD2) that encodes seven …