Background The virus neutralization assay is a principal method to assess the efficacy of
antibodies in blocking viral entry. Due to biosafety handling requirements of viruses …

Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has triggered a global health
emergency and brought disaster to humans. Tremendous efforts have been made to control …

Understanding the nature of immunity following mild/asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-
2 is crucial to controlling the pandemic. We analyzed T cell and neutralizing antibody …

Pseudoviruses are useful surrogates for highly pathogenic viruses because of their safety,
genetic stability, and scalability for screening assays. Many different pseudovirus platforms …

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) uses its spike (S)
protein to mediate viral entry into host cells. Cleavage of the S protein at the S1/S2 and/or …

We generated a replication-competent OC43 human seasonal coronavirus (CoV)
expressing the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike in …

Understanding the impact of prior infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on the response to vaccination is a priority for responding to …

SARS-CoV-2 variants accumulating immune escape mutations provide a significant risk to
vaccine-induced protection against infection. The novel variant of concern (VoC) Omicron …

Abstract Background Neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) prevent pathogens from infecting host
cells. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 NAbs is critical to evaluate herd immunity and monitor …

Precision monitoring of antibody responses during the COVID-19 pandemic is increasingly
important during large scale vaccine rollout and rise in prevalence of Severe Acute …