Cells use membraneless compartments to organize their interiors, and recent research has
begun to uncover the molecular principles underlying their assembly. Here, we explore how …

We explore the reentrant condensation of polyelectrolytes triggered by multivalent salts,
whose phase-transition mechanism remains under debate. We propose a theory to study the …

Phase separation is a thermodynamic process used by all living organisms since the origin
of life to rapidly assemble and disassemble membraneless condensates in response to …

Biomolecular condensates modulate various ion-dependent cellular processes and can
regulate subcellular ion distributions by selective uptake of ions. However, the molecular …

Biomolecules such as proteins and RNA could organize to form condensates with distinct
microenvironments through liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS). Recent works have …

Intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) are critical for a wide variety of cellular functions,
many of which involve interactions with partner proteins. Molecular recognition is typically …

The self-assembly of intrinsically disordered proteins into biomolecular condensates shows
a dependence on the primary sequence of the protein, leading to sequence-dependent …

Protein post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, are important regulatory
signals for diverse cellular functions. In particular, intrinsically disordered protein regions …

Nonmembranous organelles, such as Yb bodies in Drosophila ovarian somatic cells, form
through liquid-liquid phase separation of scaffold proteins. Client proteins transiently …

Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) involving intrinsically disordered protein regions
(IDRs) is a major physical basis for biomolecular condensates such as intracellular …