Alcohol consumption and stress increase brain levels of known innate immune signaling
molecules. Microglia, the innate immune cells of the brain, and neurons respond to alcohol …

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a widespread disease with limited treatment options.
Targeting the neuroimmune system is a new avenue for developing or repurposing effective …

Drugs of abuse cause persistent alterations in synaptic plasticity that may underlie addiction
behaviors. Evidence suggests glial cells have an essential and underappreciated role in the …

The innate immune response in the central nervous system (CNS) participates in both
synaptic plasticity and neural damage. Emerging evidence from human and animal studies …

Abstract Background Athina Markou and her colleagues discovered persistent changes in
adult behavior following adolescent exposure to ethanol or nicotine consistent with …

Addiction can be viewed as a form of drug-induced neural plasticity. One of the best
established molecular mechanisms of addiction is the upregulation of the cAMP second …

Recent studies examining the neurobiology of substance abuse have revealed a significant
role of neuroimmune signaling as a mechanism through which drugs of abuse induce …

Innate immune signaling is an important feature in the pathology of alcohol use disorders.
Alcohol abuse causes persistent innate immune activation in the brain. This is seen in …

Background Alcohol use disorders result from repeated binge and chronic alcohol
consumption followed by negative effects, such as anxiety, upon cessation. This process is …

Background Many brain disorders, including alcohol use disorder (AUD), are associated
with induction of multiple proinflammatory genes. One aspect of proinflammatory signaling is …