The complexity of the human brain poses a substantial challenge for the development of
models of the CNS. Current animal models lack many essential human characteristics (in …

Meningitis is an inflammation of the protective membranes called meninges and fluid
adjacent the brain and spinal cord. The inflammatory progression expands all through …

Neurological complications are common in COVID-19. Although SARS-CoV-2 has been
detected in patients' brain tissues, its entry routes and resulting consequences are not well …

Astrocytes are critical components of the neurovascular unit that support blood-brain barrier
(BBB) function. Pathological transformation of astrocytes to reactive states can be protective …

Cells derived from pluripotent sources in vitro must resemble those found in vivo as closely
as possible at both transcriptional and functional levels in order to be a useful tool for …

Background: Despite decades of research, little clarity exists regarding pathogenic
mechanisms related to schizophrenia. Investigations on the disease biology of …

Brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) possess unique properties that are crucial for
many functions of the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) including maintenance of brain homeostasis …

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a critical component of the central nervous system that
protects neurons and other cells of the brain parenchyma from potentially harmful …

Loss of endothelial integrity and vascular leakage are central features of sepsis
pathogenesis; however, no effective therapeutic mechanisms for preserving endothelial …

Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is a significant human pathogen that is commonly found
worldwide. CVB3 among other enteroviruses, are the leading causes of aseptic meningo …