Cognitive control theory suggests that goal-directed behavior is governed by a dynamic
interplay between areas of the prefrontal cortex. Critical to cognitive control is the detection …

Research involving event-related brain potentials has revealed that anxiety is associated
with enhanced error monitoring, as reflected in increased amplitude of the error-related …

The ability to detect and respond to errors is critical to successful adaptation to a changing
environment. The error-related negativity (ERN), an event-related potential (ERP) …

In studies of event-related brain potentials (ERPs), numerous decisions about data
processing are required to extract ERP scores from continuous data. Unfortunately, the …

We used a general stage-based model of reaction time (RT) to investigate the psychometric
properties of mean RTs and experimental effect sizes (ie, differences in mean RTs). Using …

Recently, positive affect has been reported to reduce cognitive conflicts and adaptations
related to conflict control. van Steenbergen et al. proposed that the aversive quality of …

The present study investigated resource allocation, as measured by pupil dilation, in tasks
measuring updating (2-Back task), inhibition (Stroop task) and switching (Number Switch …

Intact cognitive control is critical for goal‐directed behavior and is widely studied using the
error‐related negativity (ERN). A common assumption in such studies is that ERNs recorded …

Sex differences in cognition and emotion are particularly active areas of research. Much of
this work, however, focuses on mean‐level differences between the sexes on cognitive …

Over the last two decades, a large number of studies have concluded that bilingualism
enhances executive functions. However, other studies have reported no significant results …