Adjuvants are used in many vaccines, but their mechanisms of action are not fully
understood. Studies from the past decade on adjuvant mechanisms are slowly revealing the …

In the last century, small-molecule natural products were the main inspiration for most drug
discovery programs based either on high-throughput screening (HTS) or rational design …

Traditional vaccines, based on the administration of killed or attenuated microorganisms,
have proven to be among the most effective methods for disease prevention. Safety issues …

Peptide-based subunit vaccines are of great interest in modern immunotherapy as they are
safe, easy to produce and well defined. However, peptide antigens produce a relatively …

A model cytotoxic T‐cell epitope is linked to a synthetic lipid tail, forming a peptide
amphiphile that self‐assembles into cylindrical micelles. The micelles are capable of …

Pandemics and epidemics are continually challenging human beings' health and imposing
major stresses on the societies particularly over the last few decades, when their frequency …

Cholera continues to be a major global health concern. Among different Vibrio cholerae
strains, only O1 and O139 cause acute diarrheal diseases that are related to epidemic and …

The development of techniques for efficient peptide production renewed interest in peptides
as therapeutics. Numerous modifications for improving stability, transport and affinity profiles …

Infection with the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas disease, is
characterised by a variable clinical course–from symptomless cases to severe chronic …

Considerable success has been made with many peptide antigen formulations, and peptide-
based vaccines are emerging as the next generation of prophylactic and remedial …