Walking a tightrope: the complex balancing act of R-loops in genome stability

JR Brickner, JL Garzon, KA Cimprich - Molecular cell, 2022 - cell.com
Although transcription is an essential cellular process, it is paradoxically also a well-
recognized cause of genomic instability. R-loops, non-B DNA structures formed when …

[HTML][HTML] R loops: from physiological to pathological roles

T García-Muse, A Aguilera - Cell, 2019 - cell.com
DNA-RNA hybrids play a physiological role in cellular processes, but often, they represent
non-scheduled co-transcriptional structures with a negative impact on transcription …

The SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex helps resolve R-loop-mediated transcription–replication conflicts

A Bayona-Feliu, S Barroso, S Muñoz, A Aguilera - Nature genetics, 2021 - nature.com
ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers are commonly mutated in human cancer. Mammalian
SWI/SNF complexes comprise three conserved multisubunit chromatin remodelers (cBAF …

Mechanisms of oncogene-induced replication stress: jigsaw falling into place

P Kotsantis, E Petermann, SJ Boulton - Cancer discovery, 2018 - AACR
Oncogene activation disturbs cellular processes and accommodates a complex landscape
of changes in the genome that contribute to genomic instability, which accelerates mutation …

RNase H2, mutated in Aicardi‐Goutières syndrome, resolves co-transcriptional R-loops to prevent DNA breaks and inflammation

A Cristini, M Tellier, F Constantinescu, C Accalai… - Nature …, 2022 - nature.com
RNase H2 is a specialized enzyme that degrades RNA in RNA/DNA hybrids and deficiency
of this enzyme causes a severe neuroinflammatory disease, Aicardi Goutières syndrome …

Direct visualization of transcription-replication conflicts reveals post-replicative DNA: RNA hybrids

H Stoy, K Zwicky, D Kuster, KS Lang… - Nature Structural & …, 2023 - nature.com
Transcription-replication collisions (TRCs) are crucial determinants of genome instability. R-
loops were linked to head-on TRCs and proposed to obstruct replication fork progression …

Regulation of long non-coding RNAs and genome dynamics by the RNA surveillance machinery

L Nair, H Chung, U Basu - Nature reviews Molecular cell biology, 2020 - nature.com
Much of the mammalian genome is transcribed, generating long non-coding RNAs
(lncRNAs) that can undergo post-transcriptional surveillance whereby only a subset of the …

Recognition of RNA by the S9. 6 antibody creates pervasive artifacts when imaging RNA: DNA hybrids

JA Smolka, LA Sanz, SR Hartono, F Chédin - Journal of Cell Biology, 2021 - rupress.org
The S9. 6 antibody is broadly used to detect RNA: DNA hybrids but has significant affinity for
double-stranded RNA. The impact of this off-target RNA binding activity has not been …

Transcription-mediated replication hindrance: a major driver of genome instability

B Gómez-González, A Aguilera - Genes & development, 2019 - genesdev.cshlp.org
Genome replication involves dealing with obstacles that can result from DNA damage but
also from chromatin alterations, topological stress, tightly bound proteins or non-B DNA …

R-loops promote antisense transcription across the mammalian genome

SM Tan-Wong, S Dhir, NJ Proudfoot - Molecular cell, 2019 - cell.com
Widespread antisense long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) overlap with many protein-coding
genes in mammals and emanate from gene promoter, enhancer, and termination regions …