When surgical systems fail, there is the major collateral impact on patients, society and
economies. While short-term impact on patient outcomes during periods of high system …

Global health has traditionally focused on the primary health development with disease-
specific focus such as HIV, malaria and non-communicable diseases (NCDs). As such …

Introduction Surgical care in first‐referral hospitals (FRHs) in low‐and middle‐income
countries (LMICs) is poorly characterized. Inguinal hernia repair can act as a good tracer …

Small bowel obstruction (SBO) is a common surgical emergency, accounting for up to 20%
of all general surgical admissions 1. SBO is associated with considerable morbidity and …

Introduction There is a lack of consensus on the management of inguinal hernia with limited
symptoms. To address this issue a systematic review of existing randomized clinical trials …

Surgical teams, including managers, nurses, anaesthetists and surgeons, play a pivotal role
in delivering essential health services, strengthening the wider health systems, especially in …

Background Acute appendicitis is one of the most common surgical emergencies worldwide
with variations in practice across the world that are not fully characterised. Presentation of …