There is a large literature on the relationship between obesity and bone. What we can
conclude from this review is that the increase in body weight causes an increase in BMD …

In recent decades, the mechanism underlying bone metabolic disorders based on energy
metabolism has been heavily researched. Bone resorption by osteoclasts plays an important …

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide. People affected
by CVDs may go undiagnosed until the occurrence of a serious heart failure event such as …

Background Adolescence is a critical period for bone development, and peak bone mass
may be reached in late adolescence. Boosting bone accumulation at this time can help …

Menopause is the cessation of ovarian function, with loss of reproductive hormone
production and irreversible loss of fertility. It is a natural part of reproductive aging. The …

Obesity and periodontitis are both common health concerns that have given rise to
considerable economic and societal burden worldwide. There are established negative …

Osteoporosis is a metabolic disease characterized by decreased bone mineral density and
the destruction of bone microstructure, which can lead to increased bone fragility and risk of …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent joint disease characterized by degradation of
articular cartilage, inflammation, and changes in periarticular and subchondral bone of …

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is an emerging treatment strategy to counteract
metabolic syndromes, including obesity and its comorbid disorders. However, its …

Osteoporosis is a common endocrinologic disorder characterized as a chronic bone loss
condition. Sexual dimorphism is ubiquitous in the incidence of osteoporosis with post …