Optogenetics is widely used to interrogate the neural circuits underlying disease and has
most recently been harnessed for therapeutic applications. The optogenetic toolkit consists …

Cellular signaling networks are the foundation which determines the fate and function of
cells as they respond to various cues and stimuli. The discovery of fluorescent proteins over …

The ability to study cellular physiology using photosensitive, genetically encoded molecules
has profoundly transformed neuroscience. The modern optogenetic toolbox includes …

Sensory photoreceptors underpin light-dependent adaptations of organismal physiology,
development, and behavior in nature. Adapted for optogenetics, sensory photoreceptors …

The light-based control of ion channels has been transformative for the neurosciences, but
the optogenetic toolkit does not stop there. An expanding number of proteins and cellular …

Cells employ a plethora of signaling pathways to make their life-and-death decisions.
Extensive genetic, biochemical, and physiological studies have led to the accumulation of …

Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have shown that temperament is strongly
influenced by more than 700 genes that modulate associative conditioning by molecular …

Protein kinases transduce signals to regulate a wide array of cellular functions in
eukaryotes. A generalizable method for optical control of kinases would enable fine …

INTRODUCTION Signaling pathways, such as the Ras-Erk (extracellular signal-regulated
kinase) pathway, encode information through both their amplitude and dynamics …

Astragali radix (AR) is one of the most widely used traditional Chinese herbal medicines.
Modern pharmacological studies and clinical practices indicate that AR possesses various …