Learning to recognize and respond to potential threats is crucial for survival. Pavlovian
threat conditioning represents a key paradigm for investigating the neurobiological …

Despite their premise of objectivity, neuroscience tools for physiological data collection,
such as electroencephalography and functional near-infrared spectroscopy, introduce racial …

Current models of human fear learning processes emphasize a primary contribution of the
ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) to fear inhibition (ie, fear extinction). Here, we …

It remains unexplored in the field of fear memory whether functional neuronal connectivity
between two brain areas is necessary for one sex but not the other. Here, we show that …

Human neuroscience has always been pushing the boundary of what is measurable. During
the last decade, concerns about statistical power and replicability–in science in general, but …

Most of our knowledge about human emotional memory comes from animal research. Based
on this work, the amygdala is often labeled the brain's “fear center”, but it is unclear to what …

Preregistration has been lauded as one of the solutions to the so-called 'crisis of
confidence'in the social sciences and has therefore gained popularity in recent years …

Research using psychophysiological methods holds great promise for refining clinical
assessment, identifying risk factors, and informing treatment. Unfortunately, unique …

Safety learning occurs when an otherwise neutral stimulus comes to signal the absence of
threat, allowing organisms to use safety information to inhibit fear and anxiety in …

Quantification of fear conditioning is paramount to many clinical and translational studies on
aversive learning. Various measures of fear conditioning co-exist, including different …