The regulatory mechanisms by which hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) modulates the activity of
transcription factors in bacteria (OxyR and PerR), lower eukaryotes (Yap1, Maf1, Hsf1 and …

Numerous short-lived and highly reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide (O2−),
hydroxyl radical, and hydrogen peroxide are continuously generated in vivo. Depending …

Specific, end-labeled DNA fragments can be simply and rapidly prepared using the
polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Such fragments are suitable for use in DNase I protection …

Background—Inflammatory mechanisms have been proposed to be important in heart
failure (HF), and cytokines have been implicated to add to the progression of HF. However, it …

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a potent angiogenic factor and endothelial cell-
specific mitogen, is up-regulated by hypoxia. However, the mechanism (s) responsible for …

Optimized weight matrices defining four major eukaryotic promoter elements, the TATA-box,
cap signal, CCAAT-, and GC-box, are presented; they were derived by comparative …

More than 2000 transcription factors are encoded in the human genome. Such proteins have
often been classified according to common structural elements. But because transcription …

Transcription factor Spl is a protein present in mammalian cells that binds to GC box
promoter elements and selectively activates mRNA synthesis from genes that contain …

This work presents direct evidence that the bcl-2 gene is transcriptionally regulated by
nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and directly links the TNF-α/NF-κB signaling pathway with Bcl-2 …

Transcription of the lymphocyte-specific terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase gene begins
at a single nucleotide, but no TATA box is present. We have identified a 17 bp element that …