Simple Summary Despite the wide perception that coal environments are extreme habitats,
they harbor resident microbial communities. Coal-associated habitats, such as coal mine …

Coalbed methane (CBM) has great environmental and economic values in addition to its
energy content. For years natural gas has been considered a transitional cleaner energy …

In nature, it is often surmised that lignin is degraded almost exclusively by basidiomycetes,
with minor contributions from bacteria and even fewer from ascomycetes. Yet, numerous …

Abstract Background The Xilingol grassland ecosystem has abundant superficial coal
reserves. Opencast coal mining and burning of coal for electricity have caused a series of …

Elemental carbon exists in different structural forms including graphite, diamond, fullerenes,
and amorphous carbon. In nature, these materials are produced through abiotic chemical …

The biodegradation of coal discard is being intensively studied in South Africa in an effort to
develop passive methods for the successful revegetation and rehabilitation of waste dumps …

Humans are dependent upon soil which supplies food, fuel, chemicals, medicine,
sequesters pollutants, purifies and conveys water, and supports the built environment. In …

Clean coal technologies (eg coal biosolubilization) are of essential value, especially in
Europe, where coal is the national wealth and other energy sources like crude oil are not …

Coal, the most primitive fossil fuel, has been exploited for ages, and reserves dictate the
economies of many countries. Presently, most energy is generated by direct combustion …

A mutualistic relationship between grasses, coal-degrading fungi, and arbuscular
mycorrhizal fungi was proposed to account for the phyto-biodegradation of coal discard. In …