Background Although the risk factors for breast cancer are well established, namely female
gender, early menarche and late menopause plus the protective influence of early …

Alterations to the natural microbiome are linked to different diseases, and the presence or
absence of specific microbes is directly related to disease outcomes. We performed a …

The processes of recurrence and metastasis, through which cancer relapses locally or
spreads to distant sites in the body, accounts for more than 90% of cancer-related deaths. At …

Background The purpose of this investigation is to determine if Epstein Barr virus (EBV),
high risk human papillomavirus (HPV), and mouse mammary tumour viruses (MMTV) co …

Here, we developed an isogenic cell model of “stemness” to facilitate protein biomarker
discovery in breast cancer. For this purpose, we used knowledge gained previously from the …

We have considered viruses and their contribution to breast cancer. Mouse mammary
tumour virus The prevalence of mouse mammary tumour virus (MMTV) is 15-fold higher in …

During the past two decades evidence has been developed that indicates a handful of
viruses with known oncogenic capacity, have potential roles in breast cancer. These viruses …

For many decades, the betaretrovirus, mouse mammary tumour virus (MMTV), has been a
causal suspect for human breast cancer. In recent years, substantial new evidence has been …

A Human Betaretrovirus (HBRV) has been identified in humans, dating as far back as about
4500 years ago, with a high probability of it being acquired by our species around 10,000 …

Background: Viral cause of sporadic breast cancer (SBC) has been suggested based on the
experimental murine model of mammary tumor caused by mouse mammary tumor virus …