Abstract Purpose of Review Recent literature has sought to understand differences in fusion
failure, specifically considering how patient sex may play a role. Overall, there exists …

Abstract Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer or questioning (LGBTQ+)
individuals may encounter added challenges in the healthcare setting. Both providers and …

Background Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) children and
adolescents continue to experience unmet healthcare needs, partly because of clinician …

In 2020, the Orthopaedic Trauma Association (OTA) leadership recognized the need to
address issues of diversity and appointed the OTA Diversity Taskforce. The OTA adopted a …

Orthopaedic and sports medicine clinicians can improve outcomes for transgender patients
by understanding the physiological effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) …

In the biomedical field, the differentiation between sex and gender is crucial for enhancing
the understanding of human health and personalizing medical treatments, particularly within …

Recently, with discriminatory legislation efforts and changing participation policies in
organized sports, media attention surrounding transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) …

Transgender and gender-expansive youth may experience barriers to healthcare due to
stress and anxiety associated with accessing healthcare coupled with a lack of awareness …

Abstract “Special populations” as it pertains to medical research are groups consisting of
people of a certain minority. These groups are often underrepresented in research studies …

During the first day of my orthopaedic subinternship last summer, I was excited to finally be
back in the operating room. Before the case began, the surgeon briefly left the room while I …