The accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) leads to ER
stress, resulting in activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) that aims to restore …

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is associated with development and progression of
fibrotic diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). ER stress was first implicated …

Mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis remain incompletely
understood. Emerging evidence suggests changes in mitochondrial quality control are a …

Selenoprotein K (SELENOK), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) resident protein, is regulated
by dietary selenium and expressed at a relatively high level in neurons. SELENOK has been …

Endoplasmic reticulum is a principal organelle responsible for folding, post-translational
modifications and transport of secretory, luminal and membrane proteins, thus palys an …

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive disease with an increased mortality.
Metabolic reprogramming has a critical role in multiple chronic diseases. Lung …

Pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema are irreversible chronic events after inhalation injury.
However, the mechanism (s) involved in their development remain poorly understood …

Macrophage plasticity is an important feature of these innate immune cells. Macrophage
phenotypes are divided into two categories, the classically activated macrophages (CAM …

The lungs are exposed to a range of environmental toxins (including cigarette smoke, air
pollution, asbestos) and pathogens (bacterial, viral and fungal), and most respiratory …

Exposure to inhaled pollutants, including fine particulates and cigarette smoke is a major
cause of lung disease in Europe. While it is established that inhaled pollutants have …