This chapter outlines the anatomy and physiology of the auditory pathways. After a brief
analysis of the external, middle ears, and cochlea, the responses of auditory nerve fibers are …

Infrasonic sounds are generated internally in the body (by respiration, heartbeat, coughing,
etc) and by external sources, such as air conditioning systems, inside vehicles, some …

Bone conduction (BC) hearing relies on sound vibration transmission in the skull bone.
Several clinical findings indicate that in the human, the skull vibration of the inner ear …

Objective: This study compares measurements of ear-canal reflectance (ECR) to other
objective measurements of middle ear function including audiometry, umbo velocity (VU) …

Time-averaged holograms describing the sound-induced motion of the tympanic membrane
(TM) in cadaveric preparations from three mammalian species and one live ear were …

Hearing preservation may be achieved initially in the majority of patients after cochlear
implantation, however, a significant proportion of these patients experience delayed hearing …

Sound-induced motions of the surface of the tympanic membrane (TM) were measured
using stroboscopic holography in cadaveric human temporal bones at frequencies between …

We report the fabrication and characterization of a prototype polyvinylidene fluoride polymer-
based implantable microphone for detecting sound inside gerbil and human cochleae. With …

A lumped element impedance model of the inner ear with sources based on wave
propagation in the skull bone was used to investigate the mechanisms of hearing sensitivity …

Of the two pathways through which we hear, air conduction (AC) and bone conduction (BC),
the fundamental mechanisms of the BC pathway remain poorly understood, despite their …