Iodothyronine deiodinases (DIO) are a family of selenoproteins controlling systemic and
local availability of the major thyroid hormone l-thyroxine (T4), a prohormone secreted by the …

The goal of this review is to place the exciting advances that have occurred in our
understanding of the molecular biology of the types 1, 2, and 3 (D1, D2, and D3 …

Nobel laureate Robert Fogel's compelling new study examines health, nutrition and
technology from 1700 to 2100. Although throughout most of human history, chronic …

The thyroid is the organ with the highest selenium content per gram of tissue because it
expresses specific selenoproteins. Since the discovery of myxoedematous cretinism and …

Recent identification of new selenocysteine-containing proteins has revealed relationships
between the two trace elements selenium (Se) and iodine and the hormone network …

Over the past three decades, selenium has been intensively investigated as an antioxidant
trace element. It is widely distributed throughout the body, but is particularly well maintained …

We argue that over the past 300 years human physiology has been undergoing profound
environmentally induced changes made possible by numerous advances in technology …

This review addresses the concept that essential trace minerals play a vital role in many
enzymatic and metabolic pathways that are critical for conceptus development during …

As is typical of other hormone systems, the actions of the thyroid hormones (TH) differ from
tissue to tissue depending upon a number of variables. In addition to varying expression …

Background and Methods Kashin–Beck disease is a degenerative osteoarticular disorder
that is endemic to certain areas of Tibet, where selenium deficiency is also endemic …