Obesity as a result of overeating as well as a number of well described eating disorders has
been accurately considered to be a world-wide epidemic. Recently a number of theories …

Opioid use in the United States has steadily risen since the 1990s, along with staggering
increases in addiction and overdose fatalities. With this surge in prescription and illicit opioid …

Aim Addictive behavior is importantly mediated by mesolimbic dopaminergic signaling.
Here, we comprehensively analyzed the DRD2 gene locus, and in addition, the ANKK1 …

Background Adequate opioid prescribing is critical for therapeutic success of pain
management. Despite the widespread use of opioids, optimized opioid therapy remains …

Aim: The present study explored the integrative effect of genes encoding methadone
pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic pathways on methadone maintenance doses in …

Background Following the first association between the dopamine D2 receptor gene
polymorphism and severe alcoholism, there has been an explosion of research reports in …

Several studies have assessed the association between genetic polymorphisms of DRD2
and DRD4 genes and opioid dependence risk, while the results were inconsistent. We …

BACKGROUND: Genetic variations of the dopamine and opioid receptors could influence
the response to methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). METHODS: We included 238 …

Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a significant health problem in the United States and many
other countries. A combination of issues, most notably increased prescription of opioid …

Context The genetic contribution to liability for opioid dependence is well established;
identification of the responsible genes has proved challenging. Objective To examine …