Steroid hormones are involved in the regulation of a variety of processes like embryonic
development, sex differentiation, metabolism, immune responses, circadian rhythms, stress …

The head kidney, analogous to the mammalian adrenal gland, is an organ unique for teleost
fish. It comprises cytokine-producing lymphoid cells from the immune system and endocrine …

1. Introduction 1.1. The Fish Forebrain 1.2. Stress 2. Stress and the Brain: The (Neuro-)
Endocrine Hypothalamus 2.1. Fundamental Axes Interact 2.2. The CRF System 2.3 …

Skin pigmentation pattern is a species-specific characteristic that depends on the number
and the spatial combination of several types of chromatophores. This feature can change …

The homeostatic regulation of food intake relies on a complex network involving peripheral
and central signals that are integrated in the hypothalamus which in turn responds with the …

An explosion on the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil rig in 2010 lead to the largest marine oil
spill to occur in US history, resulting in significant impacts to the ecosystems and organisms …

Abstract Thyroxine (T 4) and triiodothyronine (T 3), the principal thyroid hormones (THs)
secreted from the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid (HPT) axis, produce a plethora of …

Hormones and Reproduction of Vertebrates, Volume 5: Mammals is the fifth of five second-
edition volumes representing a comprehensive and integrated overview of hormones and …

Social buffering of stress refers to the effect of a social partner in reducing the cortisol or
corticosterone response to a stressor. It has been well studied in mammals, particularly …

Excess glucocorticoid transferred from stressed mother to the embryo affects developing
vertebrate offspring, but the underlying programming events are unclear. In this study, we …