TNF was originally described as a circulating factor that can cause necrosis of tumours, but
has since been identified as a key regulator of the inflammatory response. This review …

Inflammation is a hallmark of stroke pathology. The cytokines, tumor necrosis factor (TNF),
interleukin (IL)-1, and IL-6, modulate tissue injury in experimental stroke and are therefore …

The multiple biological activities of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) are mediated by two distinct
cell surface receptors of 55 kd (TNFRp55) and 75 kd (TNFRp75). Using gene targeting, we …

The aim of this study was to investigate whether interleukin (IL)-6 induces the production of
IL-1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists. Serial plasma samples were obtained from …

Insulin resistance is increasingly recognized as a chronic, low-level, inflammatory state.
Hyperinsulinemia and insulin action were initially proposed as the common preceding …

Cytokines are usually extracellular signalling proteins, usually less than 80 kD in size, and
many are glycosylated. They are produced by many diVerent cell types that are involved in …

The receptors for tumor necrosis factor (TNF) exist in cell-associated as well as soluble
forms, both binding specifically to TNF. Since the soluble forms of TNF receptors (sTNF-Rs) …

The acute-phase (AP) serum amyloid A proteins (A-SAA) are multifunctional apolipoproteins
which are involved in cholesterol transport and metabolism, and in modulating numerous …

Brain injury (ischemia, trauma) is among the leading cause of mortality and disability in the
western world. It induces increased production of tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) by brain …

Plasma levels of IL-1β, TNFα and their specific inhibitors in undialyzed chronic renal failure,
CAPD and hemodialysis patients. The presence of naturally occurring inhibitors of …