Age-related macular degeneration is a leading cause of visual impairment and severe vision
loss. Clinically, it is classified as early-stage (medium-sized drusen and retinal pigmentary …

The discovery of vascular endothelial-derived growth factor (VEGF) has revolutionized our
understanding of vasculogenesis and angiogenesis during development and physiological …

Geographic atrophy (GA) is an advanced form of age-related macular degeneration (AMD)
that leads to progressive and irreversible loss of visual function. Geographic atrophy is …

The complement system plays a key role in pathogen immunosurveillance and tissue
homeostasis. However, subversion of its tight regulatory control can fuel a vicious cycle of …

Importance Geographic atrophy (GA) secondary to age-related macular degeneration is a
leading cause of visual disability in older individuals. A phase 2 trial suggested that …

The increasing number of clinical conditions that involve a pathological contribution from the
complement system—many of which affect the kidneys—has spurred a regained interest in …

Microglia, the primary resident immune cell type, constitute a key population of glia in the
retina. Recent evidence indicates that microglia play significant functional roles in the retina …

Ocular inflammation is a defining feature of sight threating diseases and its dysregulation
can catalyze and or propagate ocular neurodegenerative maladies such as age-related …

Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is a major cause of visual
impairment and blindness. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents, such as …

The complement system is central to first-line defense against invading pathogens.
However, excessive complement activation and/or the loss of complement regulation …