The immune system plays a critical role in shaping all facets of cancer, from the early
initiation stage through to metastatic disease and resistance to therapy. Our understanding …

The immune system is a very diverse system of the host that evolved during evolution to
cope with various pathogens present in the vicinity of environmental surroundings inhabited …

Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcription factors and the signalling pathways that activate
them are central coordinators of innate and adaptive immune responses. More recently, it …

There has been much effort recently to probe the long-recognized relationship between the
pathological processes of infection, inflammation and cancer. For example, epidemiological …

Research on innate immune signaling and regulation has recently focused on pathogen
recognition receptors (PRRs) and their signaling pathways. Members of PRRs sense …

About 20% of all human cancers are caused by chronic infection or chronic inflammatory
states. Recently, a new hypothesis has been proposed for prostate carcinogenesis. It …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of pattern recognition receptors that are best-known
for their role in host defence from infection. Emerging evidence also suggests that TLRs …

Knowing the indolent, non-invasive nature of most types of prostate cancer, as well as the
simple fact that the disease seems more likely to be associated with age rather than with …

Clinical and epidemiologic studies have suggested an association between infectious
agents and chronic inflammatory disorders and cancer. Better understanding of microbial …

The tumor cell signaling pathways that trigger the uncontrolled proliferation, resistance to
apoptosis, metastasis and escape from immune surveillance are partially understood. Toll …