Volatile elements (water, carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, halogens, and noble gases) played an
essential role in the secular evolution of the solid Earth and emergence of life. Here we …

Economic geology is a mixtum compositum of all geoscientific disciplines focused on one
goal, finding new mineral depsosits and enhancing their exploitation. The keystones of this …

Paleoredox conditions are commonly evaluated based on elemental proxies but, despite
their frequency of use, most of these proxies have received little comparative evaluation or …

Salinity is a fundamental property of watermasses that is useful in paleoenvironmental and
paleoecological studies, yet the theory of application of geochemical proxies to paleosalinity …

Sedimentary pyrite formation during early diagenesis is a major process for controlling the
oxygen level of the atmosphere and the sulfate concentration in seawater over geologic …

The black shale submember of core shales of Pennsylvanian Kansas-type cyclothems is
highly enriched in redox-sensitive trace elements (TEs) relative to the overlying gray shale …

This text, written by a leading researcher in the field, describes the origin and formation of
lakes in order to give context to the question of how lacustrine deposits form. It explains the …

The Ediacaran Period (635 to 542 million years ago) was a time of fundamental
environmental and evolutionary change, culminating in the first appearance of macroscopic …

The extent of marine influence on the Paleogene Bohai Bay Basin in northeastern China,
which accumulated mainly continental (eg, fluvial and lacustrine) facies, remains under …

Black organic-rich shale is a sedimentary product of strongly reducing environmental water
bodies, and is the main source of shale oil and gas. During its formation, the presence of …