Some have claimed that the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) mediates decision making.
Others suggest mPFC is selectively involved in the retrieval of remote long-term memory. Yet …

Chronic pain patients frequently develop and suffer from mental comorbidities such as
depressive mood, impaired cognition, and other significant constraints of daily life, which …

Pain is often perceived an unpleasant experience that includes sensory and
emotional/motivational responses. Accordingly, pain serves as a powerful teaching signal …

Pain contains both sensory and affective dimensions. We identify the role of norepinephrine
in colorectal distention (sub-threshold for acute pain) induced conditioned place avoidance …

Distinguishing potentially harmful or beneficial stimuli is necessary for the self-preservation
and well-being of all organisms. This assessment requires the ongoing valuation of …

Fear conditioning is relevant for elucidating the pathophysiology of anxiety, but may also be
useful in the context of chronic pain syndromes which often overlap with anxiety. Thus far, no …

The knee osteoarthritis (KOA) pain is the most common form of arthritis pain affecting
millions of people worldwide. Long-term KOA pain causes motor impairment and affects …

Abstract The breast cancer 1 (Brca1) susceptibility gene regulates the repair of reactive
oxygen species (ROS)-mediated DNA damage, which is implicated in neurodevelopmental …

Although widely known as a tumor suppressor, the breast cancer 1 susceptibility protein
(BRCA1) is also important in development, where it regulates fetal DNA repair pathways that …

Sex differences in learned fear regarding aversive gastrointestinal stimuli could play a role
in the female preponderance of chronic abdominal pain. In a fear conditioning model with …