Purpose: To provide a concise overview for ophthalmologists and practicing retina
specialists of available clinical evidence of manipulating the angiopoietin/tyrosine kinase …

Introduction Several approaches have been investigated for treating wet age-related
macular degeneration (w-AMD), diabetic macular edema (DME) and retinal vein occlusions …

Abstract The Ang/Tie2 pathway complements VEGF-mediated activity in retinal vascular
diseases such as DME, AMD, and RVO by decreasing vascular integrity, increasing …

While the development of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) as a therapy
for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) was a great success, the …

Retinal neurovascular unit (NVU) is a multi-cellular structure that consists of the functional
coupling between neural tissue and vascular system. Disrupted NVU will result in the …

Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) is a condition characterized by multiple, recurrent,
serosanguineous pigment epithelial detachments, and neurosensory retinal detachments …

Preclinical models of human diseases are critical to our understanding of disease etiology,
pathology, and progression and enable the development of effective treatments. An ideal …

Background Retinal vascular diseases such as neovascular age-related macular
degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and/or diabetic macular edema, and retinal vein …

Background The concentrations of cytokines in the aqueous humor from neovascular age-
related macular degeneration (nAMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) may …

Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is the main cause of vision loss in patients with wet age-
related macular degeneration (AMD). Currently, treatment of these conditions requires …