The NOTCH gene was identified approximately 110 years ago. Classical studies have
revealed that NOTCH signaling is an evolutionarily conserved pathway. NOTCH receptors …

Cholangiocytes, the epithelial cells lining the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts, are
highly specialized cells residing in a complex anatomic niche where they participate in bile …

Background and Aims Activation of the antitumor immune response using programmed
death receptor‐1 (PD‐1) blockade showed benefit only in a fraction of patients with …

Organoid cultures have emerged as an alternative in vitro system to recapitulate tissues in a
dish. While mouse models and cell lines have furthered our understanding of liver biology …

In the past decade, the term organoid has moved from obscurity to common use to describe
a 3D in vitro cellular model of a tissue that recapitulates structural and functional elements of …

The organoid model represents a major breakthrough in cell biology that has revolutionised
biomedical research. Organoids are 3D physiological in vitro structures that recapitulate …

The capacity of the 3D-organoid cultures to resemble a near-physiological tissue
organization and to mimic–to a certain degree–organ functionality, make organoids an …

Biliary Atresia is a devastating pediatric cholangiopathy affecting the bile ducts of the liver. In
this review, we describe recent progress in the understanding of liver development with a …

Three-dimensional cultured organoids have become a powerful in vitro research tool that
preserves genetic, phenotypic and behavioral trait of in vivo organs, which can be …

Recently, research is undergoing a drastic change in the application of the animal model as
a unique investigation strategy, considering an alternative approach for the development of …