Road transport imposes negative externalities on society. These externalities include
environmental and road damage, accidents, congestion, and oil dependence. The cost of …

This paper provides a review of economic studies analysing the use of multiple policies–a
so‐called policy mix–to cope with single pollution problems. To guide and structure the …

We analyze optimal policy when consumers of energy-using durables undervalue energy
costs relative to their private optima. First, there is an Internality Dividend from Externality …

Previous work shows that policies that subsidize new vehicles and tax size, miles, or
gasoline efficiently reduce pollution. Less is known about their distributional effects. This …

In many cases policy makers employ multiple instruments to address a single environmental
problem, but much of the economics literature on instrument choice focuses on comparing …

This chapter provides an overview of key economic issues in the use of taxation as an
instrument of environmental policy in the UK. It first reviews economic arguments for using …

We study attribute-based regulations, under which regulatory compliance of a firm, product,
or individual depends on a secondary attribute that is not the intended target of the …

To what extent do car buyers undervalue future fuel costs, and what does this imply for tax
policy? To address both questions, we show it is crucial to account for consumer mileage …

Economists endorse taxes as a cost-effective means of reducing pollution. But policy makers
raise concerns about their regressivity, or disproportional burden on poorer families …

Debate about the appropriate design of energy policy hinges critically on whether
consumers might undervalue energy efficiency, due to myopia or some other manifestation …