Reproduction is quintessential to species survival. But what is underappreciated for this
discipline is the wondrous array of reproductive mechanisms among species—variations as …

The ability to track gonadal function is facilitated by the use of endocrine and ultrasound
techniques, both of which are important tools for optimizing reproduction and ensuring …

Background The gut microbiome is important to immune health, metabolism, and hormone
regulation. Understanding host–microbiome relationships in captive animals may lead to …

As part of a multi-institutional study of zoo elephant welfare, we evaluated female elephants
managed by zoos accredited by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums and applied …

The effect of individual differences on the behaviour and reproduction of zoo animals has
long been recognised by zoo biologists, yet only recently has the quantitative assessment of …

Multi-institutional studies of welfare have proven to be valuable in zoos but are hampered by
limited sample sizes and difficulty in evaluating more than just a few welfare indicators. To …

Hormone monitoring is a well established tool for evaluating endocrine activity of wildlife,
and has substantially enhanced captive management and propagation of a number of …

To assess zoo elephants' welfare using objective population‐level indices, we sought data
from zoos and other protected populations (potential “benchmarks”) on variables affected by …

The sustainability of endangered Asian elephants in human care is threatened in part by low
breeding success and concerns over individual animal wellbeing. Male elephants have …

Obesity-related health and reproductive problems may be contributing to non-sustainability
of zoo African elephant (Loxodonta africana) populations. However, a major constraint in …