This article provides a conceptual review of the principles of input spacing as they might
relate specifically to oral task repetition research and presents some of the common …

Now in a fifth edition, this bestselling introductory textbook remains the cornerstone volume
for the study of second language acquisition (SLA). Its chapters have been fully updated …

In today's global economy, most people all over the world need to speak a second language
(L2) for study, work, or social purposes. Assessment of speaking, either in the classroom or …

The current study examined the extent to which cognitive fluency (CF) contributes to
utterance fluency (UF) at the level of constructs. A total of 128 Japanese-speaking learners …

The current study examined the extent to which first language (L1) utterance fluency
measures can predict second language (L2) fluency and how L2 proficiency moderates the …

Background While automatic speech recognition (ASR) is increasingly used for commercial
purposes, its influence on the learners' linguistic performance in terms of oral complexity …

This study explored the effect of speaking task on midclause pausing characteristics in the
L1 and L2 speech of the same speakers to gain further insights into the potential relationship …

The association between speaking anxiety and L2 speech production, including L2
pronunciation, remains largely under‐researched, especially in relation to task complexity …

Unraveling how learners' L2 fluency performance relates to their L1 is crucial for promoting
L2 speaking assessment. Despite the consensus that learners' L1 and L2 are correlated in …

Second language (L2) researchers regard automaticity as an important facet of proficiency.
Thus, it is an important consideration in L2 research how automaticity can be validly and …