The γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A receptor system, the main fast-acting inhibitory
neurotransmitter system in the brain, is the pharmacological target for many drugs used …

Addictive substances are known to increase dopaminergic signaling in the
mesocorticolimbic system. The origin of this dopamine (DA) signaling originates in the …

Medicine is an ever-changing science. As new research and clinical experience broaden
our knowledge, changes in treatment and drug therapy are required. The authors and the …

Extensive evidence indicates that ethanol (alcohol) has immunomodulatory properties.
Many of its effects on innate immune response are dose dependent, with acute or moderate …

Alcohol-use disorder (AUD) is the most prevalent substance-use disorder worldwide. There
is substantial individual variability in alcohol drinking behaviors in the population, the neural …

Ethanol exerts its biological actions through multiple receptors, including ion channels. Ion
channels that are sensitive to pharmacologically relevant ethanol concentrations constitute a …

Enhanced acute tolerance predicts alcohol abuse. We describe work on the role of the
calcium-and voltage-gated BK channel in alcohol tolerance, highlighting the lipid …

Ethanol alters BK (slo1) channel function leading to perturbation of physiology and behavior.
Site (s) and mechanism (s) of ethanol–BK channel interaction are unknown. We …

Alcohol dependence encompasses a serious medical and societal problem that constitutes
a major public health concern. A serious consequence of dependence is the emergence of …

Cholesterol (CLR) is an essential component of eukaryotic plasma membranes. CLR
regulates the membrane physical state, microdomain formation and the activity of membrane …