Leptin is a hormone primarily produced by the adipose tissue in proportion to the size of fat
stores, with a primary function in the control of lipid reserves. Besides adipose tissue, leptin …

Obesity is a chronic disease that represents one of the most serious global health burdens
associated to an excess of body fat resulting from an imbalance between energy intake and …

The relative contribution of genetic and environmental influences to the US black‐white
disparity in cardiovascular disease (CVD) is hotly debated within the public health …

Metabolic disorders have seen an increased prevalence in recent years in developed as
well as developing countries. While it is clear lifestyle choices and habits have contributed to …

Maternal obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are associated with insulin
resistance and health risks for mother and offspring. Obesity is also characterized by low …

The concept of developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) was initially
supported by the low birth weight and higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease in …

Decades of epidemiological research have established that breastfeeding is associated with
a modest reduction in risk of later overweight and obesity. However, no systematic effort has …

Objective This narrative review examines six important non‐nutritive substances in breast
milk, many of which were thought to have little to no biological significance. The overall …

Metabolic programming and metabolic imprinting describe early life events, which impact
upon on later physiological outcomes. Despite the increasing numbers of papers and …

Nutritional programming, regulation and some ways for prevention/treatment to ameliorate
or normalize adverse outcomes of programming are discussed. Epidemiological studies in …